ILLIT

Illite is a type of clay mineral that is part of the non-expanding layer silicates. It is commonly found in sedimentary rocks and soils and is characterized by its ability to retain water and nutrients. Illite has a structure similar to that of micas, but it is distinguished by its lower capacity to expand when wet. This mineral typically forms from the alteration of other minerals, particularly feldspar, and is often associated with regions where potassium is abundant.

In geological terms, illite can influence various processes, including soil formation, nutrient availability, and the mobility of contaminants. Its particle size is generally fine, contributing to its specific surface area and chemical reactivity. Illite is identified by its ability to have a near-neutral pH and moderate cation exchange capacity, which are essential characteristics for understanding its role in various environmental contexts, including agriculture and geology.